Sickle Cell Disease-: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment and Recent Developments - BMT Clinic

Sickle Cell Diseases

In today’busy and hectic schedule, where people do not have time for caring about their health which can cause lots of diseases to them which apparently affects their body and weak their health but sometimes they get busy in their life in such way that they even ignore the symptoms of the diseases and at last it doesn’t ends well and nowadays in world people are suffering from different disease even you haven’t listen about their names but now our technology has also get advanced through which there is a solution for every disease.

What is Sickle Cell Diseases?

Sickle cell diseases a disorder of hemoglobin it is the molecules which are present in red blood cells which help in delivering oxygen to the cells in the whole body. People who are suffering from the disorder have typical hemoglobin molecules known as hemoglobin S that can distort red blood cells into the sickle shape. In Sickle Cell Diseases red blood cells take the shapes of sickle shape or crescent shape because of which cells die early and which can cause a shortage of red blood cells in the body and through the sickle cells blocks the flow of blood which cause in pains in the whole body.

What are the Symptoms?

Symptoms of Sickle Cell disease present at the birth of the child but sometimes it is not able to look until the child is more than four years old. Symptoms of the sickle diseases also vary from person to person as in some human being it shows mild and some person it causes severe action which can require admit in hospital. The common symptoms of diseases linked with the anemia. Anemia is a condition in which red blood cells formed in fewer number people who are suffering from anemia do not have sufficient red blood cells in their body which help in delivery oxygen which result people feel tired and weak. The most common symptom of the Sickle Cell Diseases is fatigue. If a particular person is suffering from the last long and severe diseases of anemia then it can also damage the lungs, heart, kidney, brain, and other organs of the body. Most of the people who are suffering from Sickle Cell Diseases also live their life in pain especially in their bones there are some more symptoms of the Sickle Cell Diseases such as.

•    Pain in chest

•    Due to anemia skin gets pale

•    The problem at the time of breathing

•    Ulcer in the leg which does not heal

•    Yellow skin and eyes or jaundices

Diagnoses of these Diseases

Diagnosis of Sickle Cell diseases is very important and it can prevent form sever problem to people and it can be diagnosed with doing a normal blood test. Now doctors can also check diagnosis sickle cells before the birth of a child by testing of amniotic fluid and tissues from the mother womb and it is done in the first week of pregnancy.

Treatment and Recent Development

Treating the Sickle Cell Diseases means treating of pain, prevention form organ damage, and controlling of complications which person suffer. For mild pain, they treated with the medicine lines and heating pads and for severe pain, it treated in hospital with the administration of the medicine known as hydroxyurea. Child below the age of 5 years old given daily with penicillin and routine vaccination, if the anemia gets worse it is treated with the blood transfusion and if the patient is suffering from acute problem then they have to transfusion in monthly or yearly manner and you can also get Sickle Cell treatment in India with best quality and efficiency with expert doctors and knowledge of diseases.

Recent Development about Sickle Cell treatment by BMT Clinic (Dr. Vikas Dua)

In today’s high technology world there is research of many ways in which doctors can cure the Sickle Cell Diseases in the form of bone marrow it can perfectly cure the patient but it is little bit risk also, gene therapy in this they are researching that person with normal red blood cells gens can be transfer into the Sickle Cell Diseases person and increases in the number of red blood cells and researching of new medicines.  

Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease Treatment Hospital in India

Thalassemia is blood disorder inherited from families in which the body suffers from atypical and meager amount of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin (Hb or Hgb) is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Excessive destruction of red blood cells leads to anemia.

There are two main types of Thalassemia:

·         Alpha Thalassemia- that occurs when a gene or genes related to alpha globin protein in the body is missing, mutated or anomalous in number.

·         Beta Thalassemia- also known to be Cooley anemia occurs when a defect of a similar gene affects the production of beta globin protein.

Most affected countries from Alpha Thalassemia includes Africa, the Middle East, India, Southeast Asia, and Central and Mediterranean countries whereas Beta Thalassemia has its reach over southern regions of Italy and Greece and also to the north of the continent of Africa.

There are many genres of Thalassemia and each type has further categorization. Mainly both Alpha and Beta Thalassemia include the following two forms:

·         Thalassemia major hit a healthy body if one receives the gene from both the parents.

·         Thalassemia minor takes place when one inherit the gene defect from only one parent, who are the carriers of the disease and do not have symptoms.

Signs and Symptoms of the disease include:

·         Excessive level of iron.

·         Increased risk of infection especially if the spleen has been removed.

·         Bone deformities i.e., expansion or widening of bones being thin and brittle.

·         Enlargement of the spleen which is basically caused of the spleen performing the task of red blood cells as there is the destruction of enormous red blood cells.

·         Slow growth, heart problems, fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, dark urine or irritability are also some symptoms associated with the disease.

There are though many ways to treat or even cure Thalassemia such as blood transfusion, Folic acid supplements, Iron Chelation Therapy and blood, and marrow cell treatment.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) or Sickle cell anemia somehow associated with Thalassemia is a serious disorder in which the body makes RBC into a sickle (old farm tool) or like a crescent moon to be apt. Therefore the sickle-shaped cells get stuck together easily and thus blocks small blood vessels and don’t allow the blood to travel and reach where it actually should, leading to pain and organ damage (pain crisis) often raising the risk for infection. People among Africans-Americans, Hispanics of Caribbean ancestry and throughout the world Sickle cell anemia affects the people among Arabian, Greek, Italian, Sardinian, Maltese, Turkish and Southern Asian ancestry.

Sickening period pain lasting from some hours to days, blood clots, swelling in body parts (mainly hands and feet), joint pain that resembles arthritis, serious and even life-threatening infections and anemia are some of the major symptoms associated with Sickle cell anemia.

The only way possible to cure sickle cell disease if the action taken at the right time is Bone Marrow Transplantation. The procedure involves transplanting blood stem cells, which then travel to the bone marrow and produce new blood cells and promote the growth of new marrow. Here at BMT Clinic Dr. Vikas Dua has taken an initiative to help people live and make every possible effort to lift the patient a better and happy life suffering from the disease.

The process of how the treatment for sickle cell anemia is done is as follows:

The treatment is basically responsible for replacement of cells in a patient’s body that make red blood cells, known to be hematopoietic stem cells resulting in termination of the making of sickle-shaped cells that cause the disease. Further, the doctor takes healthy stem cells from the bone marrow of a healthy donor and injects in patient’s body usually through IV tube in one the veins and the cells then go to the bone marrow and start creating healthy blood cells.